Comprehensive Guide on How Vacuum Cleaners Operate

Comprehensive Guide on How Vacuum Cleaners Operate

Various types of vacuum cleaners and carpet cleaning machines exist in the market. Despite their differences, they all operate under a similar foundational principle. A vacuum is formed within a tube or system. Debris-laden air is pulled into the system through a filter, catching the debris. The filtered air is then expelled via an exhaust.

Operation of the Residential Upright Vacuum Cleaner

The residential upright vacuum cleaner employs the suction principle, and comprises spinning brushes at the suction opening on its underside. The beater bar (brushes) rotates at high speed, churning the carpet and propelling any debris toward the suction opening. Simultaneously, the air forces the debris into a filter bag. The filter bag traps the debris, but permits air passage. Subsequently, the air is discharged through an exhaust vent typically located on the vacuum cleaner's handle box unit. Characteristically, these vacuums use a single motor which powers both the suction fan and the brush. Although priced affordably, having a single motor leads to decreased longevity compared to commercial vacuum cleaners due to the imposed stress.

Functioning of Commercial Vacuum Cleaners

Commercial vacuum cleaners also employ the suction principle analogous to residential vacuum cleaners. However, they are designed for extensive use and durability. Spare parts for commercial vacuum cleaners are generally readily available and can be replaced by a vacuum cleaner technician. Uniquely, most commercial vacuum cleaners operate with dual motors; running the beater brush and the suction fan or fans simultaneously. Further, they incorporate advanced technology, with circuit boards regulating power distribution to the two motors as needed. Some of the latest commercial vacuum cleaners have an energy-saving feature; when the suction wand is in use, the beater brush motor switches off or diverts extra power towards suction, maximizing the vacuum cleaner's motor potential.

Wet Dry Vacuums

Wet dry vacuums also operate on the suction principle, but need additional protective measures to prevent any electrical component or motor from coming in contact with water. These vacuum cleaner motors are usually situated atop the debris canister. The air gets drawn in through the hose, up through the motor, and then expelled via an exhaust vent on top. If water manages to reach the motor at the top, a floating ball closes off the motor opening, preventing water damage. All switches and electrical components in wet dry vacuums are sealed to eschew water penetration.

Cyclonic Vacuum Cleaners

Cyclonic vacuum cleaners utilize high-powered motors to create a suction-making vortex in the vacuum. A beater bar helps push the debris into the suction tube; from there, it's drawn into a sealed canister. Inside the canister, the debris gets moved towards the outer walls through centrifugal forces. The debris slows down and, using gravity, falls to the canister's base. While most cyclonic vacuums steer clear of filter bags, the absence of filter bags can sometimes deteriorate air quality due to escaping dust particles.

Choice of Vacuum Cleaner

Different types of vacuum cleaners are designed for specific uses. It is advised to choose a vacuum that suits your needs. For instance, a residential vacuum cleaner is not recommended for daily and heavy usage. Although they might seem cost-effective initially, residential vacuum cleaners tend not to last very long under heavy use. For conditions where wet flooring is a concern, your best choice is a wet-dry vacuum. Remember, while regular upright dry vacuums can tolerate some water, too much can hamper the vacuum's performance over time.